Kant Essay - 1876 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Utilitarianism is a consequential perspective, in that, a decision in based on the effects it ----will have on society and what it will generally lead to. Also, the utility or usefulness of an action is determined by the amount of happiness that will result. Therefore, no action in itself can be deemed wrong; consequence alone are the important matter. Using this principle, one should consider the possible results of each potential action. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One clear flaw of the utilitarian perspective is there that there seems to be a lack of the concept of justice. Their moral principles would justify doing experiments on a single man with no friends or family. The justification would still†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Overall, in my opinion, I would by no means follow any form of Utilitarianism. For me, the value lies in the individual human life and not on the success or happiness of the entire group. Human life in itself has intrinsic value. An action should not occur based on overall happiness of those involved, but should occur because it is our duty to have compassion for every individual human life and should strive to preserve that life whenever possible. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As opposed to the consequential viewpoint, the deontology perspective states the morality is based upon following duty, instead of basing decisions solely on consequences. We simply have to understand what our moral duties are and what rules may exist in the process of following such a duty. Duties and obligations must be determined objectively and absolutely, but not subjectively. Kant’s Ethics and Ross’s Ethics would fall under the deontologist platform. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;For Kant, consequences of an action are morally irrelevant. This would be the direct opposite approach of the utilitarian who bases their decisions on consequences. In addition, according to Kant, an action is right when it follows a rule that satisfies a principle he terms categorical imperative. Rules would involve someone stating to themselves, â€Å"Whenever I am involved in this situation of this nature, I will do this.† An example would be that you decided toShow MoreRelatedImmanuel Kant And The Kant Essay1263 Words   |  6 Pages Immanuel Kant Lying Chiyane Peterson MCCC Ethics MW 1:30pm Parviz Dehghani Lying the one form of communication that is the untruth expressed to be the truth. Immanuel Kant states that lying is morally wrong in all possible ways. His hatred for lying has made him â€Å"just assumed that anyone who lied would be operating with a maxim like this: tell a lie so as to gain some benefit.†(Landau,pp.171) This is true for a vast number of people, they will lie in orderRead MoreKant s Principles Of Kant1743 Words   |  7 Pages The work of Immanuel Kant focuses on the idea that of everything in the world it is only good will that can be taken as â€Å"good without qualification† (Kant, 393). Unlike qualities or talents, which can be used both for good and for bad, good will is considered by Kant to be unequivocally good. Therefore, Kant’s principles require an individual to make decisions only based rationally upon the principles, or maxim, behind that decision, without consideration of the consequences that that actionRead MoreKant And Kant s Philosophy1657 Words   |  7 Pagesuniversal a priori condition which alone things can become objects of our cognition in general[.]† -Immanuel Kant, p 20 of Critique of Judgment This quote most aptly describes Kant’s purpose in writing a critique of aesthetic judgment, with the most important term being â€Å"transcendental.† The Oxford Dictionary defines the word as â€Å"presupposed in and necessary to experience† (what Kant refers to as a priori). In this sense, it is something that pertains to elements of human experience and thenRead MoreKant : Kant s Ethics1293 Words   |  6 PagesKhaled AlMarwani Philosophical Ethics PHL270 Dr. Elizabeth F. Cooke Question # 1: Kant’s Ethics According to my humble reading, Kant is considered the hardest to read, grasp and understand among the philosophers that we came across studying ethics. According to Kant, nothing could be called good without qualification except a good will. And the good will is the desire or the tendency to do your duty because it is your duty, not anything else. Thus, nothing can be gained out of an actionRead MoreImmanuel Kant And Kant On Morality1097 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent societies. Examples would be don’t cheat, don’t steal, and treat others as you would want to be treated. When dealing with the philosophers take on morality, there are two which are usually compared to one another, Immanuel Kant and David Hume. Immanuel Kant had many theories throughout his philosophical time. Here are some of his ethical works, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785), the Critique of Practical Reason (1788), and the Metaphysics of Morals (1797), which contains bothRe ad MoreKant And Kant s Philosophy2023 Words   |  9 PagesImmanuel Kant was an exceptional philosopher who often fantasized about the wonders of the human perception. Through the power of imagination in the human mind Kant was able to postulate possible answers to the great questions of existence. He was daring and bold to wonder what constitutes the beauty of the human soul, how the existence of an all-powerful entity would be possible, and also what do human beings really do to perceive their surroundings. With such notable works as Critiques of PracticalRead MoreKant And Kant s Metaphysical Theorizing1303 Words   |  6 Pageswere possible. For Kant, the question of how synthetic a-priori judgements operated was central to understanding the nature of human thinking, and to enabling metaphysics. Previously Kant had been alerted to the writings of David Hume. Hume had effectively claimed that knowledge only came from analytic a-priori judgments or by synthetic a-posteriori. Hume criticized the notion of cause and effect, and claimed it to be product of conventions of thought, rather than reason. Kant had recognized thatRead MoreKant And Kant s Categorical Imperative1241 Words   |  5 Pages Immanuel Kant, an 18th-century moral philosopher, had contended that the fundamental principle of morality is the Categorical Imperative, from here will be additionally labeled as (CI) or otherwise mentioned. He supported his view by suggesting a pure moral philosophy; a metaphysics of morals that is not solely for rational beings to explore different ¬ sources of basic moral principles that are found through their own observational experience a priori, but additionally for the sake of morality asRead MoreKant And Kant s Universal Law Essay1458 Words   |  6 PagesDoes Kant successfully establish that one must never under any circumstances or for any purpose tell a lie? In this essay, I will argue that Immanuel Kant fails to successfully establish lying as morally impermissible because the claim that lying is morally impermissible goes against common sense. Kant defines his Universal Law to demonstrate the necessary action one must take in order to act in a way that is morally permissible and uses it in support of his belief that one’s motive is the soleRead MoreKant And Kant s Moral Ethics862 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to Kant, We have these absolute duties to ourselves and these duties to oneself become the supreme principle of all duties. Therefore, these supreme self-duties are the reason why moral ethics exist, and without our duties to oneself there would be no other duties, nor would we, as a species, survive at all. However, these self-regarding duties can be very contradicting, but can help us understand the bigger picture of the categorical imperative. Kant believes that we must â€Å"act only according

The Effects Of Low Income Fathers On Children Essay

Parents are generally in a child’s life from birth, though this is not always the case for every child. Growing up I had the blessing of having both of my parents in my life from birth to present. Being a child of eight children, I came from a low income family. Even though both my parents were there for me as a child I hardly seen my father due to him working long hours to support us. Growing up with such a large family I had experienced other major factors in my life such as, a loss of a brother, a major sports injury and even verbal abuse after leaving the house hold. Those these factors have already happen the psychological toll they took on my development in life was significant. Children all across the world have experienced major factors in their life and studies have been performed to see the pattern that has been taking place. Studies have been conducted to show that low-income fathers have an effect on a child’s development in young children at 2 years to pre-kindergarten (Cabrera). Father and child interactions are embedded in a larger ecology that includes mother-father relationships and the family human and financial resources. Father engagements affect their children’s cognitive, language and social, and emotional outcomes over and above the mothers. For father that have a lower income and are at work more often than spending time with their children have a less of a positive impact than they could. For social and emotional development, a father’sShow MoreRelatedFamily Structure Changes And Child Behavior Problems Essay1444 Words   |  6 PagesThere is a common misconception is that children who grow up in low income families end up being more susceptible to experience behavioral problems as they get older, in contrast to that of high income families which generally speaking, people believe children are better off. The report Associations between Family Structure Change and Child Behavior Problems: The Moderating Effect of Family Income challenges the false impression associated with low income families. The analysis was conducted by threeRead MoreEssay on The Impact of Absent Fathers1614 Words   |  7 PagesAbsent Fathers Rough Draft For various reasons, many children in the United States are living without their fathers in their homes or absent from their lives entirely. This is an issue all across the world and the children are having to deal with the disadvantages caused by the lack of support from their fathers. This issue has a significant effect on society and can be viewed and interpreted from the three sociological perspectives. As a result of many studies, it was found that children raisedRead MoreNegative Effects Of Single Parenting1033 Words   |  5 Pagesvary in every family, each year the number of children raised by a single parent increases. A countless number of people fail to realize the importance of children being raised by two parents, majority feels it is insignificant and has no direct effect on the children. This logic that todays society has adopted in thinking a mom can play both a mother and a father, vice versa is certainly incorrect. Single parenting can have positive effects on chil dren depending on other factors such as personalityRead MoreThe Social Ills Of Caribbean Society1349 Words   |  6 Pagesthat individuals first learn the value of work and the worth of their possessions. The family is where society’s new recruits first learn the basic values and norms of the culture of the society they will grow up in. it is in the family that children that children first learn the difference between what is seen as right or wrong, good and bad behaviour, and the norms governing gender roles. The family provides an appropriate space for nurturing, growth and education. Families provide an invaluable serviceRead MoreKids : A Single Parent Home866 Words   |  4 Pagesparent household. Children in a single parent home don’t have as many option as the children do in a two parent household. The reason I say that is because they are less fortunate and their options on things are low because their isn’t a stable income. Choosing this topic was a go od pick for me because I can relate more on the situation and the struggle of being raised with just my mom doing everything. Single parents work twice as hard to make sure everything is paid before their children can receiveRead MoreThe Single Parent Family Structural Environment And Economic Conditions Can Hinder The Development And Growth Of A Child936 Words   |  4 Pagesday and age many children live in homes where there is only one parent, commonly known as single-parent family. According to 2011 Canada Census Bureau information, the number of children living in single-parent households have gone up since 2001 and almost more than three quarters of these children aged 14 and under are living with single parent family headed by woman (Statistics Canada, 2011). Many times there is the absence of the father in these single-parent homes. Children living in such singleRead MoreSocial Policy : Child Support1735 Words   |  7 Pagesof this paper is to provide an insight into a cu rrent legislation and conduct background research, and inform the legislator of my own views on this issue. This paper will also provide the effect of the Family and Consumer Sciences mission, through social policy and legislative channels, in regards to children and families tied to concerns surrounding them and their communities. Through this paper, I will be conducting research on California Family Code Section 3900: Duty of Parent to Support ChildRead MoreThe Importance Of Military Readiness And Frequent Deployments From A Federally Funded Program For Women, Infants, And Children Essay1309 Words   |  6 Pagesliving at or even below the poverty level. (Shewmaker, Shewmaker 2014). I was part of that military family many years ago and, while I was pregnant with my fourth child, was told to apply for WIC, a federally funded program for Women, Infants, and Children. At each doctor visit, I was asked if I had submitted my application and my reply was always, â€Å"I will.† Finally, towards the end of my pregnancy, I was asked why I had not finished the proper paperwork; I blurted out, â€Å"But isn’t that for poor peopleRead MoreRobert Putnam s Our Kids : The American Dream Crisis1356 Words   |  6 Pagesmore money in their pockets and increase after-tax wages. Trump’s tax plan will exempt single adults whose income is equivalent $25,000 a year, or married adults who jointly earn less than $50,000 a year from paying income taxes. This plan does show favor to the individuals who reside in this tax bracket, but Trump never actually states he wants to enact this plan in order to lessen income inequality between the classes. The Republican party stands by lower taxes and fewer regulations in order toRead MoreFamily Income and Child Outcomes Essay984 Words   |  4 PagesFamily Income and Child Outcomes With child poverty being investigated by many researchers, the debate between family income inequality and child development has occurred throughout the world. Some people believe that child achievement would not be affected by family income because low-income children could be more motivated to change socioeconomic status. However, several studies suggest that there is an association between family income and child outcomes: as the family income decreases

Civil Liberties vs National Security Free Essays

In U. S. , the bill of rights protects civil liberties. We will write a custom essay sample on Civil Liberties vs National Security or any similar topic only for you Order Now People in the United States, hold civil rights, which are those privileges, immunities and rights held by all Americans and political rights, which are the rights that are restricted to those who are entitled to participate in elections, as candidates or voters. The distinction is important since not all are eligible to vote though they all should enjoy their freedoms. This may no longer be feasible as majority of the civil rights are taken to include the political rghts in this age. National security can be defined as a country’s need to maintain its survival by use of military, political and economic power for diplomacy. Civil liberty are freedoms and rights exercised by individuals in any country provided by their country’s legislation or international laws, for example the right to life, freedom of speech, freedom of expression, the right to privacy, the right to security and liberty and many more. National security issues arose after the second world war in the united states of America with initial emphasis on the military. For any country in this day and age, national security encompasses energy security, economic security, environmental security and many more. Security threats range not only from external states but also from illegal drug cartels, multi-national organizations and terrorists groups. The civil liberty concepts are protected under a country’s constitution, bill of rights. Other legal legislation are also adopted by country’s to uphold this civil liberties by giving effect to international laws passed in conventions such as the International Covenant and Political Rights and the European Convention on Human Rights. The protection of civil rights is deemed as the responsibility of a country’s people and government. The extent of some civil liberties, such as reproductive rights, property rights and several others are subject of debate. The debate of whether or not civil liberties should or can be infringed to ensure national security has been subject to never ending debate. The extent to which civil liberties can be altered and, or suspended with respect to the security of a nations interests calls for a reat deal of care in striking the correct balance. Posner (2001) disputes the ideology of civil libertarians that national security will lead to an erosion of civil liberties. He proposes that the basic mistake is the prioritizing of liberty and is both a mistake about history as well as law when it comes to striking the needed balance between civil freedoms and national security. In his view, under law, these civil rights can rarely be altered to suit the time within which they exist to uphold the same rights as before. Cole (2002), in contrast states that the nation’s response to national security threats has time and again infringed civil rights. The Supreme Court of the United State’s in tandem acknowledges that, â€Å"History abundantly documents the tendency of Government, however benevolent and benign its motives -to view with suspicion those who most fervently dispute its policies. † that said, this is not a problem that is unique to the United States, but the constitutional structures, political will and religious structures do not protect the people’s rights. He further points out that our governments subvert the freedoms that constitute the defense in the well being of a nation. Glenn Greenwald talks of the misconception of combating terror in the name of national security while upholding civil liberties. He emphasis that the meaning of this civil rights has been distorted and often misunderstood due to the description of combating terrorism to preserve national security. The meaning of terrorism has been built on the notion that, if one was not on our side then they were definitely against us. This has grown fear within people that infringe on basic human rights e. g of residence, movement, expression, association and many more. The misinterpretation of upholding national security ends up marginalizing and curtailing the freedoms of some of the patriotic residents who may be involved directly or indirectly with particular religions and groups seen as potential threats. The F. B. I, has significant legal powers, excellent resources, and a jurisdiction that has overseas coverage. They have in recent years penetrated and prosecuted many organized criminal gangs, uncovered public corruption and successfully caught up with terror attacks. Still the same F. B. I has curtailed the basic freedoms of association, speech e. t. c The bureau while protecting their national security freedoms has infringed the human rights by disrupting and neutralizing peaceful protests. It has more so focused its resources on neutralizing and curbing political activity other than investigate criminal activities. The force, does not have accountability to the the public while incriminates on the basis of association instead of relying hard facts and evidence to get hold of the real criminals. The adoption of legislation such as the Anti-terrorism Act (1996), is a good indicator of past injustices and the unrestricted investigations by the bureau based on political agendas. The Act’s deliberate criminalization of peaceful activity gave the F. B. I. leverage to involve itself in the religious, ethnic and political grouping involving themselves in peaceful and humanitarian work. Afterwards, it grew to encourage politically motivated investigations. The deportation and exclusion of immigrants on the basis of guilt of association completely discredits the protection of the civil rights. Other legislations such as the enactment of the secret evidence against alleged terrorists infringed on their basic freedoms e. g the right to confront one’s accusers. For any society, political freedom is key, thus allowing peaceful ways to express their dissatisfaction which in turn initiates social change. Civil rights have been infringed since the legal regime established under Presidents Roosevelt, Truman and Eisenhower who facilitated the worst abuses in the FBI’s history, and eventually led to reforms. The FBI under new and better legislation undertook an intensive campaign with the aim of capturing suspected Communists,. The committees that were set up drew up lists and constructed links among organizations. They were confronted with incriminating evidence with no room for self defense and compelling testimonies from individuals who lost their jobs if they did not agree to testify, and to some extent were locked up. Posner insists that these freedom should be curtailed up to the point where the benefits outweigh the costs of reduced liberty. In all this, legislation ought to be responsible as well as the officials so that they maintain the balance between the civil liberties and national security. History depicts officials generally exaggerate the dangers to the country’s security which is not entirely true. Officials tasked with the responsibility to estimate the occurrences and magnitude of these dangers failed, thus led to the occurrences e. the civil war of Japan on the U. S that led to the distraction at Pearl Harbor,of Soviet espionage in the 1940s, the September 11 attacks and many more. The Government in times of crisis, will exercise its power to conduct a comprehensive domestic intelligence. The difference between legal dissent and criminal conduct is often forgotten. The work of the church, is to recommend means to make sure that the distinction will always be observed. The unfortunate bit arises when, you incompatible and outdated ways to deal with issues that threaten your national security. Legislations that deem an individual guilty by association of group, color, race, religion should be put aside to ensure that the fundamental rights of each human being are respected and up held. In the ongoing balancing debate between civil liberties and national security is never ending. However, the constitution has an already balanced point between personal freedoms and government power. Hence the curtailing of individual rights is a personal decision or the government’s irresponsibility with the power vested in it by the same people it ought to protect. Anti-terrorism can be used as a measure to the extent of infringing right. Despite the intense war to eradicate terrorism everywhere, the terrorist threat in reality cannot be eliminated. We need to come up with very good responses. However, this should be careful planned out and executed to avoid sacrificing the fundamental principles that constitute our democratic identity. Otherwise, it is best is to follow our liberal principles, to use the set criminal laws to punish and prosecute those who plan or carry out violent deeds and encourage critics of our government into the practice of tolerance and democracy. How to cite Civil Liberties vs National Security, Essay examples

Components of Internal Combustion Engine free essay sample

Even though reciprocating internal combustion engines look quite sim ¬ple, they are highly complex machines. There are hundreds of compo ¬nents which have to perform their functions satisfactorily to produce out ¬put power. The main components of the IC engine and their functions are described below. †¢Cylinder Block: The cylinder block is the main supporting structure for the various components. The cylinder of a multi-cylinder engine is cast as a single unit, called cylinder block. The cylinder head is mounted on the cylinder block. The cylinder head and cylinder block are provided with water jackets in the case of water cooling or with cooling fins in the case of air cooling. Cylinder head gasket is incorporated between the cylinder block and cylinder head. The cylinder head is held tight to the cylinder block by number of bolts or studs. The bottom portion of the cylinder block is called crankcase. A cover called crankcase which becomes a sump for lubricating oil is fastened to the bottom of the crankcase. We will write a custom essay sample on Components of Internal Combustion Engine or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The inner surface of the cylinder block which is machined and finished accurately to cylindrical shape is called bore or face. Cylinder: As the name implies it is a cylindrical vessel or space in which the piston makes a reciprocating motion. The varying volume created in the cylinder during the operation of the engine is filled with the working fluid and subjected to different thermodynamic processes. The cylinder is supported in the cylinder block. †¢Piston: It is a cylindrical component fitted into the cylinder forming the moving boundary of the combustion system. It fits perfectly (snugly) into the cylinder providing a gas-tight space with the piston rings and the lubricant. It forms the first link in transmitting the gas forces to the output shaft. Combustion Chamber: The space enclosed in the upper part of the cylinder, by the cylinder head and the piston top during the combustion process, is called the combustion chamber. The combustion of fuel and the consequent release of thermal energy results in the building up of pressure in this part of the cylinder. †¢Inlet Manifold: The pipe which connects the intake system to the inlet valve of the engine and through which air or air-fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder is called the inlet manifold. †¢Exhaust Manifold: The pipe which connects the exhaust system to the xhaust valve of the engine and through which the products of combustion escape into the atmosphere is called the exhaust manifold. †¢Inlet and Exhaust Valves: Valves are commonly mushroom shaped poppet type. They are provided either on the cylinder head or on the side of the cylinder for regulating the charge coming into the cylinder (inlet valve) and for discharging the products of combustion (exhaust valve) from the cylinder. †¢Spark Plug: It is a component to initiate the combustion process in Spark-Ignition (SI) engines and is usually located on the cylinder head. Crankshaft: It converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into useful rotary motion of the output shaft. In the crankshaft of a single cylinder engine there is a pair of crank arms and balance weights. The balance weights are provided for static and dynamic balancing of the rotating sys ¬tem. The crankshaft is enclosed in a crankcase. †¢Piston Rings: Piston rings, fitted into the slots around the piston, pro ¬vide a tight seal between the piston and the cylinder wall thus preventing leakage of combustion gases Reference link : http://classof1. com/homework-help/engineering-homework-help